| Ananus ben Ananus | |
|---|---|
| Sect | Sadducee |
| Temple | Temple of Jerusalem |
| Other name(s) | Hanan ben Hanan, Ananus ben Artanus |
| Personal | |
| Died | 68 Jerusalem |
| Senior posting | |
| Based in | Jerusalem |
| Title | High Priest of Israel (until deposed in 63, then "High Priest") |
| Predecessor | Joseph Cabi ben Simon |
| Successor | Jesus ben Damneus |
| Part of Judaic series of articles on |
| Priesthood in Judaism |
|---|
| Kohen · Recognition of priestly descent Priestly covenant |
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Aaron · Eleazar · Phinehas
· Eli · Ahimelech · Abiathar (First Temple) · Zadok · Shallum · Hilkiah · Jehoiada (Second Temple) Joshua the High Priest Simeon the Just Elazar Ben Charsum Yishmael Ben Elisha Yehoshua ben Gamla Pinchus Ben Shmuel |
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The ten gifts given in the Temple
1. Sin offering · 2. Guilt offering 3. Communal peace offering 4. Fowl sin offering · 5. Leftovers from the suspensive guilt offering 6. Oil from the offering for the leper 7. Bread from First Fruits · 8. Showbread 9. Leftovers of the meal offering 10. Leftovers of the First Sheaf.
Four gifts given in Jerusalem 15. Heave offering 16. Heave offering of the Levite's tithe 17. Dough offering 18. First shearing of the sheep 19. Shoulder, cheeks and maw 20. Coins for redemption of the first born son · 21. Redemption of a donkey · 22. Dedication of property to a priest · 23. Field not redeemed in a Jubilee year · 24. The property of the foreigner with no heir. |
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Clothing
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Ananus ben Ananus (Hebrew: חנן בן חנן Hanan ben Hanan Greek: Ἀνάνου Ἄνανος "Ananos son of Ananos" var: Ananias, Latin: Anani Ananus or Ananus filius Anani), d. 68 CE, was a Herodian-era High Priest of Israel in Jerusalem, Iudaea Province. He is most well known as the high priest who allegedly ordered the execution by stoning of James the Just, according to the surviving fragments of The Jewish War. However, popular opinion against Hanan due to this act led the recently-appointed Roman governor Lucceius Albinus to depose the high priest, after only three months. Ananus was succeeded by Jesus ben Damneus, who was himself deposed before the end of the year.
Josephus in The Jewish War considered Ananus "unique in his love for liberty and an enthusiast for democracy" and as an "effective speaker, whose words carried weight with the people", [1] contradicting what is contained in Antiquities.
Contents |
Josephus allegedly describes the death of James as follows:
Ananus, who, as we have told you already, took the high priesthood, was a bold man in his temper, and very insolent; he was also of the sect of the Sadducees, who are very rigid in judging offenders, above all the rest of the Jews, as we have already observed; when, therefore, Ananus was of this disposition, he thought he had now a proper opportunity [to exercise his authority]. Festus was now dead, and Albinus was but upon the road; so he assembled the sanhedrim of judges, and brought before them the brother of Jesus, who was called Christ, whose name was James, and some others, [or, some of his companions]; and when he had formed an accusation against them as breakers of the law, he delivered them to be stoned: but as for those who seemed the most equitable of the citizens, and such as were the most uneasy at the breach of the laws, they disliked what was done; they also sent to the king [Agrippa], desiring him to send to Ananus that he should act so no more, for that what he had already done was not to be justified; nay, some of them went also to meet Albinus, as he was upon his journey from Alexandria, and informed him that it was not lawful for Ananus to assemble a sanhedrim without his consent. Whereupon Albinus complied with what they said, and wrote in anger to Ananus, and threatened that he would bring him to punishment for what he had done; on which king Agrippa took the high priesthood from him, when he had ruled but three months, and made Jesus, the son of Damneus, high priest.[2]
L. Michael White considers the account to be spurious on the grounds that no parallel account exists in the Antiquities of the Jews.[3]
After ben Hanan was deposed as high priest, he continued to exercise leadership. "Under the guidance of former high priest Ananus ben Ananus, they (the Sanhedrin) exhorted the populace for support against the radical priestly Zealots, as these 'persuaded those who officiated in the Temple sacrifices to accept no gift or services from a foreigner' (BJ II, 409-414)."[4] Later, he marshaled recruits to fight the Zealots, resulting in the Zealot Temple Siege.
Ananus ben Ananus, commanding the Jews during the Zealot Temple Siege, was killed by the Edomites when they were let into Jerusalem by the Zealots.
| Preceded by Joseph Cabi ben Simon |
High Priest of Israel | Succeeded by Jesus ben Damneus |